There were hardly any Jews in the camp until March 1945, when a group of Hungarian Jewish women were transported from Nürnberg, a Flossenbürg subcamp, following its evacuation. Later issues of notes were 10 and 50 Rentenmark (1925), 5 Rentenmark (1926), 50 Rentenmark (1934) and 1 and 2 Rentenmark and dated 1937. The Jewish Council was ordered to create a system of Quittungen (receipts) that could be used as currency only in the ghetto. On June 20, 1948, the American, British, and French occupation zones of Germany converted to a new currency, and the Soviets followed suit a few days later. Germans began using the worthless bills as kindling, wallpaper, and children’s crafts. It was thought that all the notes were destroyed, until approximately 15 sets were discovered in England in the 1970s. Following their defeat, the Treaty of Versailles obligated Germany to pay reparations, which increased the nation’s financial struggles. The note includes multiple examples of imagery and symbolism valued by the Nazi party.
Reichsbank note, valued at 100,000 marks, distributed in Germany from February to November 1923.
Under both administrations, inmates worked as forced laborers for the Junkers aircraft factory. Initially, the camps were constructed for Czech forced laborers, but in June 1941, the first French and Russian prisoners of war (POWs) arrived in the men’s camp. Following their defeat, the Treaty of Versailles obligated Germany to pay reparations to several countries, which increased the nation’s financial struggles. Ignacy Gutman designed all the denominations of the paper scrip and they were printed by the Manitius Printing House.
Many of the reissued notes included figures and images from Greek mythology. The special currency was first distributed in 1944, and designed by Werner Löwenhardt, a Jewish artist who was imprisoned by the Germans in Westerbork from October 1942, until the camp was liberated in April 1945. This indiscriminate printing led to inflation issues in occupied Germany. Scrip, valued at 8 Reichspfennig, distributed at the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH munitions factory in Holleischen, a subcamp of Flossenbürg concentration camp in Germany. The Scheinfeld DP camp was established on April 28, 1946, by the United Nations Relief and Rehabilitation Administration (UNRRA). The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. Women were not sent to the camp until late 1943 or early 1944, and they worked mainly in the munitions factories in the subcamps. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. German efforts to finance World War I sent the nation into debt. The subcamp was evacuated in April 1945, as Allied forces approached. $3.00 shipping. Under German pressure, Italian fascists passed antisemitic legislation in 1938, and later established domestic concentration camps for military and civilian internees. Polish partisans liberated the Holleischen subcamp on May 3, 1945. German-issued Greek National currency valued at 1,000 Drachmai. He was ordered to make Moses appear more stereotypically Semitic in appearance and to arrange Moses’s hand so that it is covering one of the commandments. In order to stabilize the economy, the German government established the Rentenbank. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. In 1937, the German government utilized the Rentenbank to issue 1 and 2 Rentenmark notes because the Reichsbank did not issue denominations lower than 5 Reichsmarks. very high value: 1000 Rentenmark 1.11.1923: 3000: 6000: 10 Reichsmark 11.10.1924 Length of serial number: 7: 200: 1500: 10 Reichsmark 11.10.1924 Length of serial number: 8: 200: 1500: 20 Reichsmark 11.10.1924: 200: 2000: 50 Reichsmark 11.10.1924: 20: 300: 100 Reichsmark 11.10.1924: 20: 200: 1000 Reichsmark 11.10.1924: 50: 300: 50 Rentenmark 20.3.1925: 400: … The provisional notes replaced the supplemental notes in June of 1945, but quickly faded out of use. The scrip has a repeating “MWH” across the note, representing the Metallwerke Holleischen GmbH logo, and was printed in 17 denominations ranging in value from 1 Reichspfennig (rpf) to 5 Reichsmark (rm). Both types of notes were issued in .50, 1, 2, and 3 mark denominations. Peter Kien, a Czechoslovakian poet, artist, and inmate of Theresienstadt designed the notes, but his original design was rejected by SS General Reinhard Heydrich. The essentially worthless paper bills gave way to bartering of supplies such as olive oil, cigarettes, and wheat. The Museum’s Collections document the fate of Holocaust victims, survivors, rescuers, liberators, and others through Polish partisans liberated the Holleischen subcamp on May 3, 1945. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology and history. Featured on this note is a coin with the image of Arethusa, a nymph who was loved by the water god Alpheus and changed into a spring by the goddess Artemis. Then Germany occupied all of Greece, and forced the Greek government to pay for the occupation by printing more paper money with higher denominations. Buchenwald operated 134 subcamps, and issued two different types of special currency. The excess Drachmai caused hyperinflation, and the price for goods and services rose dramatically. The Greek currency, called Drachma, can be traced back to the 6th century BC. Both forced laborers and German civil workers worked on rocket construction. In order to stabilize the economy, the German government established the Rentenbank. or Best Offer.
Germany, Italy, and Bulgaria collectively occupied Greece until Italy’s surrender to the Allies in September 1943. In the women’s camp, by 1944, the majority of the prisoners were French, followed by Polish people and Russians. In October 1944, Mittelbau (Central Construction) concentration camp (also called Dora-Mittelbau and Nordhausen) in Germany, took over administration of Rottleberode. Many of the Greek notes featured figures and images from Greek Mythology and history. German-issued Greek National currency valued at 50 Drachmai.
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